Canal bridges are some of the defining spots along British waterways. While canals might only be around 200 years old, these feats of industrial-era engineering are monuments to the early industrial revolution. Made from local brick, stone, and clay, they require ongoing maintenance to keep them stable and secure. The Rothen Group has saved more than its fair share of canal bridges, tunnels, locks, and other pieces of historic infrastructure. From hump-backed stone arches to elegant brick curves, it takes a lot to maintain and restore these bridges. In this post we'll share how it’s done: Why Regular Canal Bridge Maintenance Matters What Canal Bridge Inspections Involve Common Canal Bridge Maintenance Tasks Challenges in Modern Waterway Bridge Maintenance Choosing the Right Bridge Repair Contractors in the UK Frequently Asked Questions Why Does Regular Canal Bridge Maintenance Matters? Structural Integrity and Public Safety Canal bridges aren’t just historical landmarks. They’re functional pieces of infrastructure. Often, they support pedestrians, vehicles, cyclists, or simply provide access for maintenance teams. Common risks include cracking, settlement, loose masonry, corrosion, water ingress, impact damage, and damaged bridge decks. If not repaired, bridge failure or deterioration can occur, affecting traffic, blocking waterways, and even increasing flood risks. Protecting Historic Waterway Structures The other reason it matters is that they’re part of the UK’s industrial and transport heritage. Many canal bridges are listed structures or part of heritage-sensitive sites. Much of the canal infrastructure was built in the late 18th and early 19th centuries; preserving these sites means keeping the bridge safe and usable while maintaining its original character. What do Canal Bridge Inspections Involve? Above-Water Structural Assessment Every canal bridge inspection begins with a simple visual inspection. We typically look for cracks, movement, staining, displaced blocks, vegetation damage, corrosion, and evidence of water ingress. Often, bridges are difficult to inspect from the shore. Boats can be used to inspect and service hard-to-reach areas, ensuring no facet is ignored. Underwater Foundation Surveys Inspection below the waterline is a little harder (yet no less vital). Checking foundations for scour, erosion, undermining, voids, and water damage is crucial. If this becomes damaged, the entire bridge is put at risk. Masonry, Ironwork, and Concrete Assessments Older and newer bridges have very different characters and building materials. That means the underlying issues also differ. A one-size-fits-all approach doesn’t work. Common issues include: Masonry bridges: missing mortar, cracked voussoirs, loose stones, spalling, and root damage from vegetation. Iron and steel bridges: corrosion, fatigue cracking, impact damage, and failed protective coatings. Concrete bridges: spalling, exposed reinforcement, structural cracks, and failed waterproofing. Common Canal Bridge Maintenance Tasks Vegetation Management and Root Removal Most canal bridges face vegetation problems. Removing invasive or overgrown vegetation keeps the canal paths accessible and prevents roots from disturbing mortar joints, widening cracks, and destabilising brick or stonework. Repointing with Traditional Lime Mortar Lime mortar is the most common mortar on historic brick or stone canal bridges. While it’s a little more expensive, its breathability, flexibility, and traditional character make it ideal for older masonry. However, it must be reapplied periodically to protect the underlying masonry. Brick, Stone, and Masonry Repairs Replacing damaged bricks or stones, rebuilding small failed sections, or restoring parapets, arch barrels, and retaining elements are common aspects of canal bridge maintenance. Corrosion Control for Iron and Steel Bridges Steel and iron are generally stronger than stone. But they require a little more maintenance care. Corrosion is one of the major causes of steel bridge deterioration. That’s why cleaning, preparation, coating, localised steel repairs, and even section replacement are so crucial. Without them, corrosion, fatigue cracking, and impact damage can develop into serious structural problems. What are the Challenges in Modern Waterway Bridge Maintenance? One of the biggest challenges in modern bridge maintenance is access. British canal sites can be secluded or involve working around towpaths, road users, pedestrians, cyclists, and boats. Heritage sites, in particular, face heavy restrictions. The Rothen Group often relies on our fleet of boats to access more remote bridges or to gain access to the underside. However, remote sites often come with ecological constraints, including nesting birds, bats, protected species, aquatic habitats, and invasive plants. Balancing all these factors requires an experienced UK bridge repair contractor. How Canal Bridge Repairs Affect Navigation and Towpaths Canals aren’t just about the waterways. Towpaths are now a major part of pedestrian infrastructure, allowing shortcuts that avoid major roads. Canal bridge repairs can lead to temporary towpath closures or diversions. If a road runs over the bridge, even greater disruption can ensue. Repairs often require scaffolding, pontoons, workboats, and access platforms that prevent others from using the infrastructure. Further constraints around inspections, permits, heritage approvals and ecology windows can slow the process. Choosing the Right Bridge Repair Contractors in the UK Canal bridge repairs require a rare combination of experience, skill, and access to the right machinery. The Rothen Group has worked on countless canals and waterways, using our fleet of land- and water-based machinery, from pontoons to specialist boat cranes. We can help inspect, repair, and maintain canal bridges, removing vegetation or restoring masonry and brickwork to their original condition. Learn more about our waterway maintenance services and how we can support your project. Read Next: 10 Facts About How UK Canals are Maintained Frequently Asked Questions How often are canal bridges inspected? Inspection frequency depends on the bridge owner, condition, use, and risk level. Many bridges are inspected regularly, with more frequent checks where previous concerns, heavy use, or structural issues have been identified. Why do canal bridge repairs take so long? A combination of difficult access, heritage concerns, permits and inspection, and ecological constraints impact how long bridge repair takes. Because of their location, historical character, and location in environmentally sensitive sites, the repair process can be significantly delayed. What is the most common cause of canal bridge damage? The most common causes of canal bridge damage are water ingress, weathering, vegetation growth, and general wear from age and use. Impact damage from boats or vehicles can also cause localised problems, especially around bridge arches, parapets, and towpath edges. How can I report canal bridge damage? You can report canal bridge damage to either the Canal & River Trust, the Environment Agency, Scottish Canals, or Waterways Ireland, depending on the location. Find out more about reporting canal damage. Are canal bridges listed buildings? Some are. It depends on the age, character, and historical importance of the bridge. For example, Summit Bridge in Smethwick is a Grade II listed building dating from 1789. Newer canal bridges are unlikely to be listed. Who is responsible for maintaining canal bridges? Responsibility depends on who owns or manages the bridge. Often, the Canal & River Trust manages canal bridges in the UK. However, it can fall under a local highway authority, Network Rail, National Highways, or a private landowner.

Filling voids, sealing gaps, and stabilising structures, grout is used throughout any building project. We rely on it in many of our construction projects, from building retaining walls to repairing existing water infrastructure. But there are two main types of grout: Cementitious grout is the traditional option, made from cement, and commonly used for concrete slabs, brickwork, or structural voids. Polyurethane grout is a newer formulation involving a chemical injection. It provides water-stopping and flexible sealing. There is no “better option.” It depends on the site conditions, especially whether the priority is structural support, void filling, active leak sealing, movement tolerance, or speed. In this article we'll discuss: What Is Cementitious Grout What Is Polyurethane Grout The Differences Between Polyurethane Grout and Cementitious Grout Cost, Durability, and Environmental Considerations Which Should You Choose Frequently Asked Questions What Is Cementitious Grout? Cementitious grout is a cement-based, flowable mixture used to fill voids, cracks, gaps, and spaces around structures. It’s the kind of grout most people are familiar with. The Rothen Group relies on it for areas such as those beneath concrete slabs, towpaths, brickwork, and structural voids. It’s relatively cheap to formulate, using cement, water, sand, bentonite and other additives (depending on the job). What Is Cementitious Grout Made From? Cementitious grout is usually made from cement, water, and specialist additives. It is designed to flow into cracks, gaps, or voids before curing into a hard, durable material. Some mixes also include bentonite, which can help the grout swell and create a tighter seal. Other additives, such as sand, plasticisers, accelerators, or waterproofing admixtures, may be used depending on the site conditions and required performance. Common Uses for Cementitious Grouting Cementitious grout is one of the most common materials used on building sites, as well as in canal repair and waterway infrastructure projects. It’s used for: Filling larger voids. Supporting slabs or structures. Filling cracks and leak paths. Grouting beneath concrete slabs. Towpaths, brickwork, waterway structures, and hard-to-access sites. Baseplates, columns, anchoring, and construction applications where relevant. What Is Polyurethane Grout? Polyurethane grout is a resin-based injection grout. It is injected into cracks, voids, joints, or leak paths. Depending on the formulation, it can expand to seal leaks or fill voids, preventing water from getting through. How Polyurethane Grout Injection Works Depending on where the grout is needed, holes are drilled, or lances/nozzles are inserted. The grout is then injected under controlled pressure until the area is filled. Upon contact with water, the grout reacts, foams, and expands, creating a water-resistant seal. Hydrophilic vs Hydrophobic Polyurethane Grout Not all polyurethane grouts react with water in the same way. Hydrophobic polyurethane grout: repels water, often foams and expands in contact with water, and is commonly used for leak sealing. Hydrophilic polyurethane grout: absorbs/mixes with water, forms a flexible gel or seal, useful where ongoing moisture is present. The product is chosen based on where the grout is being injected. Usually, the deciding factor is the amount of water. Hydrophobic grout is used if you need to stop active water movement, e.g., sealing a leak or filling a void, whereas hydrophilic grout is better for absorbing water, e.g., sealing damp or fine cracks. Rapid Expansion and Water-Stopping Performance One of the main benefits of polyurethane is the fast reaction times. As soon as it comes into contact with water, it rapidly expands, filling irregular gaps and water paths. It’s ideal for active leaks. PU grout is the preferred choice for sealing cracks and joints, creating instant barriers to water flow, and re-levelling slabs and surfaces. Polyurethane Grout vs Cementitious Grout: Key Differences Factor Cementitious Grout Polyurethane Grout Main material Cement-based mix Resin or polymer-based grout Best for Structural support, larger voids, and bulk filling Leak sealing, water-stopping, and flexible sealing Water reaction Can seal some leak paths depending on the mix Often reacts with water, then foams and expands Flexibility Rigid once cured More flexible, depending on the formulation Best project fit Dry or controllable voids, slabs, anchoring, and structural gaps Active leaks, wet cracks, joints, movement, and water ingress How Does the Setting Time and Curing Speed Compare? Cementitious grout takes more time to cure and gain strength (around 72 hours, depending on the mix). Once dried, it’s more stable, offering greater structural support. However, for quick and instant sealing, polyurethane grout is preferred due to its faster setting time. I Need a Grout With Bond Strength and Structural Integrity Cementitious grout is the better choice where structural support, rigidity, and compressive strength are necessary. That’s why it’s used for brickwork and towpaths. By contrast, polyurethane grout can form a strong yet flexible waterproof bond rather than rigid structural support. Which Grout is More Flexible and Resistant to Movement? Polyurethane grout is naturally more flexible after curing. It can fill cracks, joints, and exposed structures exposed to vibration, minor settlement, and movement, where cementitious grout would crack and erode. Which Grout is Better for Water-Stopping and Leak Sealing? Polyurethane grout is once again the stronger option for active water leaks. It can rapidly expand and seal leak paths. However, cementitious grout is better for leak avoidance, preventing water from flowing into certain areas. Is Polyurethane Grout Stronger Than Cement Grout? “Stronger” depends on what you mean by strength. For compressive strength and rigid structural support, cementitious grout is far superior. But for waterproofing, crack sealing, and movement tolerance, polyurethane is a stronger practical solution. Different materials for different problems. Cost, Durability, and Environmental Considerations Which Waterways Grout Is More Cost-Effective? Cementitious grout usually has a lower initial material cost. It’s designed for large-scale void filling and large construction projects. Polyurethane is better for sealing smaller areas or providing quick leak resistance. Which Grout Lasts Longer? Both types of grout can last a long time in the right conditions. Longevity really depends on the product, substrate, water pressure, movement, and installation quality. Environmental Considerations Cementitious is closer to a natural material. It has a lower chemical impact and is generally better for sensitive sites. That said, cement itself has a large environmental impact in terms of carbon emissions. Polyurethane grout is more chemically intensive. There are concerns about leaching into the local environment. However, it can be used with the correct application if the leakage risk is significant. Polyurethane Grout or Cementitious Grout: Which Should You Choose? Not sure which grout is right for your project? Follow a simple framework: Choose cementitious grout when you need to fill larger voids, require rigid structural support, or where cost and bulk filling are major considerations. Choose polyurethane grout when you need to stop active water ingress, require rapid expansion or fast setting, or are dealing with movement. The Rothen Group offers support for all kinds of waterway projects, from towpath repair to ongoing maintenance. If you require support, get in touch with our team to find out how we can help. Frequently Asked Questions Can I Use Cementitious Grout to Stop an Active Water Leak? Sometimes. It depends on the leak path, water pressure, and void size. For fast-moving leaks, polyurethane grout is normally the better option. Which Grout Is Better for Soil Stabilisation? Polyurethane grout is commonly used for rapid expansion, such as re-levelling slabs or void filling. However, if you’re dealing with a larger void or require load-bearing support, cementitious grout is the preferred option. Does Polyurethane Grout Degrade Over Time? Yes. All grouts will degrade over time. It can perform well if correctly specified and installed, especially in wet and moving environments.

Walk near your local river or canal, and you might see signs warning about blue-green algae in the water. As the weather gets warmer, canals, rivers, and reservoirs can become breeding grounds for this microscopic creature. This can be dangerous for both people and animals. Unfortunately, most people don’t know what blue-green algae looks like, why it’s harmful, or what they can do to safeguard themselves and their pets. Below, we explain everything you need to know about blue-green algae, so you’re ready during the next bloom period. In this article we'll explore: What is Blue-Green Algae What Causes Blue-Green Algae How to Identify a Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) Why Cyanotoxins are Dangerous Current Treatment and Prevention Methods What to Do if You Spot a Bloom The Impact of Climate Change on Algae Protecting Waterways from Blue-Green Algae Frequently Asked Questions What is Blue-Green Algae? Blue-green algae, or BGA, is not actually algae. It’s a cyanobacteria (literally blue bacteria) that looks and acts a lot like algae, hence the confusion. Under the right conditions, the BGA will “bloom,” rapidly proliferating. You can easily spot it as green mats on the surface of the water. What Causes Blue-Green Algae? Blue-green algae are naturally found in most water bodies. In small numbers, they’re not harmful. However, when the water is shallow, warm, and undisturbed, it can become a breeding ground for the microscopic creatures, especially if there’s a steady supply of nutrients. That’s what makes canals, rivers, and reservoirs such a problem. They often have all three conditions during the summer months. When Does it Appear? Under favourable conditions, blue-green algae can multiply rapidly, allowing blooms to develop over days or weeks. Usually, numbers start to increase in the spring and summer due to the run-off fertiliser from surrounding fields or upstream. That fertiliser acts as a sudden rush of nutrients, creating the conditions for runaway growth. You may notice a particular river or section of canal gradually accumulates this green matting or becomes discoloured at the same time every year, reaching its peak in July-August. Then, during the autumn and winter weather, the lack of light causes the algae to die and decompose. How to Identify a Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) The "Spilled Paint" and "Pea Soup" Visual Cues The most obvious sign is the colour of the water. The water becomes less clear, often with a green, blue-green, or greenish-brown tint. If the algae bloom is especially bad, it may form green mats on the surface of the water. Dead Fish and Foaming Shorelines When the cyanobacteria form mats, they block out light from entering the water. It also consumes a lot of oxygen. That can kill off any fish living in the section of water. You may also notice foaming on the shore. Why Cyanotoxins are Dangerous The main danger of blue-green algae comes from the toxins some cyanobacteria produce. Known as cyanotoxins, these chemicals can affect the liver, nervous system, and skin. Not every bloom is toxic, but it is impossible to tell just by looking at the water, which is why all blooms should be treated with caution. Symptoms in Humans Most people only experience mild symptoms after contact with contaminated water. These can include: Skin irritation or rashes Red, sore eyes Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhoea Headaches Flu-like symptoms Anyone who feels unwell after exposure should seek medical advice. Why Dogs are Most at Risk Dogs are particularly vulnerable because they often swim in affected water, drink from rivers and canals, or lick contaminated fur after leaving the water. Symptoms can appear quickly and may include: Excessive drooling Vomiting and diarrhoea Weakness or collapse Tremors or seizures Blue-green algae poisoning can be fatal in dogs, so immediate veterinary attention is essential if exposure is suspected. Current Treatment and Prevention Methods There is no single solution for blue-algae blooms. Often, local authorities or private owners will put up a sign warning visitors and will allow the algae to naturally die off during the cooler months. Biochar Filtration and Nutrient Stripping Biochar is a charcoal-like material produced from organic matter. If placed into ponds, reservoirs, and treatment systems, it absorbs nutrients (particularly phosphorus), depriving cyanobacteria of a vital ingredient for growth. It’s best used as a preventative measure rather than a cure once a major bloom has developed. You’ll often find it used in sustainable water treatment programmes. Ultrasound and Algaecide Solutions Ultrasound waves can disrupt cyanobacteria cells. It helps prevent the algae from floating to the surface and forming dense mats. While it won’t get rid of the algae entirely, it can stop the algae from killing off other species. Algaecides are chemicals designed to kill algae. It’s generally considered a last option for severe blooms, as the algae can release toxins into the water when they die. What to Do if You Spot a Bloom If you think you’ve identified an algae bloom, the most important thing is to keep yourself and your pets away from the water. You might also want to contact your local authority about the bloom to help warn other people. The Impact of Climate Change on Algae Climate change can lead to rising summer temperatures and heavier rainfall incidents. More rain means more land run-off, providing extra nutrients for the algae. Together, these effects of climate change can make algae blooms more severe, especially during the summer and autumn months. Protecting Waterways from Blue-Green Algae Blue-green algae can pose a serious risk to people, pets, and wildlife. Fortunately, by recognising the signs of a bloom and acting quickly, you can reduce the risk of exposure and limit its impact. Need support managing water quality? The Rothen Group provides specialist environmental and water management solutions to help organisations maintain healthier, safer waterways. Contact our team today to discuss your requirements. Frequently Asked Questions Can I tell if blue-green algae are toxic just by looking at them? No. There’s no way to tell toxic from non-toxic BGA at a glance. That's why it's important to be cautious around any water with high levels of BGA. What are the symptoms of blue-green algae poisoning in dogs? If your dog is exposed to BGA, you may notice excessive drooling, vomiting and diarrhoea, weakness or collapse, or tremors or seizures. Blue-green algae can be fatal in dogs, so immediate veterinary care is advised. How do I treat a pond with blue-green algae? Depending on whether there are any fish in the pond, you can consider either biochar, ultrasound, or algaecide. Algaecide is the quickest solution, but it can harm fish species. Alternatively, identify the source of excess nutrients to prevent future blooms.

There’s nothing worse than visiting your local river only to find it full of rubbish. Whether it’s floating debris washed downstream or waste that people have thrown away, it damages the environment and spoils the waterway for everyone. But the problem extends beyond rivers. When debris accumulates around culverts, stormwater channels, reservoirs, or flood defence assets, it can increase flood risk and damage infrastructure. To tackle this problem, local authorities and private landowners often install trash screens or floating debris booms. These solutions help intercept debris before it reaches critical assets, protecting both infrastructure and the surrounding environment. But what’s the difference between a debris screen and a river boom? When are they used? And what should engineers, local authorities, and asset managers consider before installation? Find out below, as we cover: What are River Trash Screens What are Floating Debris Booms Head-to-Head Comparison: Which System Wins Hybrid Approaches: Integrating Booms and Screens Key Factors to Consider Before Installation Frequently Asked Questions What are River Trash Screens? River trash screens are designed to physically intercept debris before it enters critical infrastructure. They’re often installed in front of culverts, pumps, weirs, intakes, or outfalls, ensuring only water and small-scale debris can pass through. Screens are available in a range of bar spacings and configurations, depending on debris size and flow conditions. How Bar Screens and Grilles Prevent Blockages Most commonly, vertical or angled bar screens are used to filter out rubbish as it enters or exits a body of water. That’s good enough for most rivers and canals. However, grilles also exist, which can prevent even smaller debris from getting through. The obvious benefit is that debris is trapped while water continues to flow through. Future blockages can reduce hydraulic capacity, so both screens and grilles are often used in flood management and water treatment infrastructure. Manual vs. Automated Mechanical Raked Screens Both screens and grilles are passive options. Eventually, however, enough debris builds up that they require periodic cleaning. Manual screens must be cleaned by maintenance teams, or they’ll stop the flow of water completely. Alternatively, mechanical raked screens automatically remove debris. It’s a trade-off between lower capital cost and lower operational cost. What are Floating Debris Booms? Floating debris booms are probably more common than trash screens. You’ll see them floating near rivers, marinas, reservoirs, and stormwater outfalls. They consist of a series of floating tubes anchored to the shoreline. Booms are designed to intercept or redirect floating debris before it reaches sensitive areas without impeding the flow of water. Permanent vs. Temporary Emergency Booms Perhaps the biggest benefit of booms is how easy they are to install. They can be installed permanently as part of ongoing debris management or quickly deployed after storms, flooding, or pollution incidents temporarily. It all depends on the site requirements and risk profile. Either way, it’s a low-cost option that can easily be moved or reoriented depending on the site. The Role of Deflection in Surface Waste Management River booms aren’t just about stopping debris from floating downstream. Often, they use the constantly flowing water to redirect debris to water collection points. That eliminates the need for constant maintenance teams to remove the debris, something that could become an ongoing issue in large rivers or high-flow environments. Head-to-Head Comparison: Which System Wins? Take a look at our comparison to find out which one is ideal for your waterway location: Factor Trash Screen Debris Boom Debris Type Floating and submerged Primarily floating Flood Protection Excellent Moderate Large Log Management Limited Strong Maintenance Access Higher Lower Flow Restriction Yes Minimal Installation Cost Medium-High Medium Environmental Impact Moderate Lower Suitable for Culverts Excellent Poor Suitable for Open Rivers Limited Excellent Effectiveness in High-Flow Conditions Both options can struggle in extremely high-flow conditions. Booms will continue to allow the water to pass freely while collecting surface debris; however, depending on the force of the water, some debris might get past. On the other hand, screens provide strong protection. But they can become overwhelmed if maintenance is inadequate. Maintenance Requirements and Operational Costs Screens, almost by definition, require more frequent inspection and debris removal. While mechanical systems can remove the debris, they increase capital costs and add servicing requirements. Screens are, therefore, reserved for places like culverts or water treatment plants. Booms, by contrast, are much cheaper to deploy but may still need debris collection vessels or periodic retrieval if waste collection points aren’t created. Impact on Local Wildlife and Fish Migration Booms cause almost no issues for aquatic wildlife as they solely float on the water. They’re often preferred in natural landscapes. Screens pose more of an issue. However, modern fish-friendly design can minimise the environmental impact. Ecological assessments are crucial to determining the impact of each option prior to installation. Hybrid Approaches: Integrating Booms and Screens Removing debris doesn’t have to be a binary decision between booms and screens. In fact, many modern projects use both technologies together. Booms capture large floating debris upstream, funnel large branches or human refuse into a waste collection point. Then, downstream, screens provide secondary protection for critical infrastructure. For example, a river may use a floating debris boom to intercept logs and surface waste before it reaches a culvert entrance. A trash screen installed at the culvert then captures any smaller debris that passes through, reducing the risk of blockages and flood-related damage. Key Factors to Consider Before Installation No two sites are the same. That means there isn’t a one-size-fits-all solution. Before selecting a debris management system, you’ll need to consider: The type and volume of debris present Whether the debris is floating, submerged, or both Peak flow conditions during storms and flood events The asset being protected (culvert, intake, river, reservoir, etc.) Maintenance access and cleaning requirements Fish passage and environmental considerations Available budget and lifecycle costs Future climate resilience requirements Whether a hybrid boom-and-screen solution would be beneficial Unless you’re a seasoned expert in waterway maintenance, it can feel a little overwhelming. That’s why we always recommend starting with a site assessment. The Rothen Group can assess your requirements and recommend a debris management solution tailored to your infrastructure, environmental goals, and budget. Get in touch today to discuss your waterway and find out how we can help. Frequently Asked Questions What is the main difference between a trash screen and a debris boom? Trash screens filter debris from floating water, while a debris boom floats on the surface and redirects or captures floating waste. Which system is better for flood prevention? Trash screens are generally advised for culverts, pumps, and drainage assets. However, in most natural conditions, river booms can prevent debris from damaging downstream infrastructure. How do these systems affect fish and local wildlife? River booms have minimal impact on fish and local wildlife. Screens are more invasive; however, modern systems are often designed to prevent harm to fish. Which system is cheaper to maintain? This depends on the site. Booms often have lower routine maintenance requirements, while screens may require more frequent debris removal, particularly during storm events. Can booms handle heavy timber and large logs? Yes. Heavy-duty environmental booms can be designed to intercept large logs, branches, and floating debris, although their capacity depends on flow conditions and anchoring design.

Erosion is a natural part of any waterway. Bit by bit, the flow of water strips away the bank. However, for riverbanks, ponds, canals, slopes, and embankments, such erosion may be highly undesirable, affecting waterway traffic, roads, and pedestrian footpaths. Most commonly, banks are secured with physical infrastructure like stone or concrete. However, natural alternatives offer a more sustainable and cost-effective option for erosion control. Chief amongst these options are coir rolls. They’re widely used in ecological restoration and waterway management. In this article we'll explore: What Are Coir Rolls and How They Work for Erosion Control Environmental Benefits of Coir Rolls Why Coir Rolls Are a Sustainable Choice for Erosion Control Projects Coir Roll Installation with The Rothen Group What Are Coir Rolls? And How Do They Work for Erosion Control? Coir rolls are cylindrical tubes made from coconut fibre. They’re designed to be installed quickly along the edges of waterways, preventing water from directly eroding the bank. They can either be installed in a single layer or stacked to create a stronger barrier. The best part about coir matting rolls is their long-term effect. Over time, they trap sediment and form a foundation for plants. These plants can then grow into the side of the bank, further reducing the risk of erosion and eliminating the need for costly repairs. But only if the coir rolls are installed properly. That’s why it’s important to work with an experienced waterway repair organisation like The Rothen Group. The Environmental Benefits of Coir Rolls 100% Biodegradable and Eco-Friendly Materials Made from a coconut byproduct, coir is completely biodegradable. In fact, once installed, they naturally decompose over time, leaving behind no pollutants. That’s in direct contrast to materials like plastic or concrete, which gradually erode. Biodegradability is critical in environmentally sensitive waterways where certain species might be protected. They comply with most regulations and offer a sustainable alternative to intensive, synthetic erosion control. Improved Soil Stability and Reduced Sediment Runoff When water comes into direct contact with a vulnerable bank, erosion is inevitable. Any barrier can slow this process, which is exactly how coir rolls work. They provide a strong, reliable barrier while vegetation establishes itself. From then on, the vegetation takes over the role of protecting the bank. But coir rolls have a secondary benefit: they reduce sedimentary runoff. Whether it’s silt, agricultural runoff, or other harmful substances, the coir can act as a filter, either alone or through the plant life it establishes. This is especially important around ponds, canals, and rivers, where excessive sediment runoff can damage water quality and disrupt local ecosystems. By helping stabilise the bank early, coir rolls reduce the risk of soil washing into the water during heavy rainfall or high-flow conditions, making them a practical long-term erosion control solution. Support Native Vegetation Growth Coir mats are more like a net of coconut fibres. These mats are then rolled up to form structures used in waterway repair. That structure matters because it creates space for vegetation to establish itself, either through direct planting or natural processes. Once the plants become established, the root systems begin to strengthen the bank over time. Plants like reeds also slow water, reducing the fast flows that contribute heavily to erosion. This combination of factors makes coir rolls a mainstay of ecological restoration projects. Enhanced Wildlife Habitat Protection Synthetic erosion control can cause significant damage to an ecosystem. Often, installation involves disruption to the site, harming insects, birds, and other animals. Structures like concrete also eliminate the chance for local vegetation to grow. Coir rolls work the opposite way. As restored vegetation grows, it creates shelter and habitat opportunities. In fact, biodiversity is frequently richest at this interface between two environments — the waterway and the bank. Reduced Carbon Footprint Compared to Synthetic Alternatives Concrete has one of the biggest carbon footprints of any structural material. Even natural materials like stone must be mined, transported, and installed. Coir rolls, however, typically involve a lower environmental footprint and require no plastics or synthetic materials. Instead, a coir roll is made from a waste product. They naturally biodegrade and can be quickly installed, being held in place by wooden stakes. Why Coir Rolls Are a Sustainable Choice for Erosion Control Projects Sustainable projects can struggle to find materials that provide sufficient erosion control without causing local disruption. Even gabion baskets work against the local ecosystem rather than with it. Coir rolls, in contrast, support the ecosystem more and more with each passing year. Their key benefits include: Biodegradable materials that naturally break down over time without leaving plastic waste behind Support for vegetation growth, helping native plants establish along vulnerable banks Improved habitat protection for wildlife, fish, insects, and aquatic ecosystems Long-term bank stabilisation through developing root systems and reducing erosion Lower maintenance requirements once vegetation becomes fully established This low-impact approach has made coir rolls the preferred choice for environmentally sensitive projects such as rivers, canals, wetlands, and ponds. They can be installed in a matter of hours, provide immediate protection, and create long-term vegetation changes that secure the bank for years to come. Coir Roll Installation with The Rothen Group Coir rolls might be easy to install. But you still need the right team to handle the installation. That means completing the impact assessment, planning the installation, and getting it right on the day. The Rothen Group is experienced with erosion control and waterway infrastructure projects. For each site, we perform a thorough assessment, looking at bank conditions, water flow, and anchoring methods. We’ve installed many miles of coir rolls across the UK’s waterways. Check out how we used coir rolls to transform Coney Meadows in Droitwich. To learn more about our erosion control services, read our Rock and Coir Roll Bank Protection or get in touch with the team.

Since Roman times, waterways have proved to be vital for transportation, irrigation, and travel, with the networks relied upon throughout the world. Here in the UK, canals have always played an important role in the economy, however it wasn’t until the late eighteenth century that the great age of canal building started when the Bridgewater Canal was constructed. In this article we'll explore the history of the canals, how they're used and who maintains them. Canals in the Eighteenth Century During this time the UK was a busy hub of trade, with factories producing more than ever before. As demand for products grew, both in the UK and around the world, it was canals that were able to quickly and cheaply transport everything from delicate pottery to coal and steel, with a single towing horse capable of pulling fifty tonnes of goods in a canal boat. By 1815 the majority of British canals were built, and investment had started to shift towards railway schemes as the industrial revolution began to take hold. Initially, the canals and railways worked alongside each other, however the continued expansion of the rail network meant that by the middle of the 19th Century canal traffic had reduced significantly. Following World War II, the government nationalised the network and canals became popular for leisure purposes, with traffic today comprising commercial traffic, private boats, hire cruisers, paddle boarders and other water sports enthusiasts. Right from the beginning canals have offered a vital resource to humans, whether this was to transport water for irrigation or to facilitate travel. Since then, canal networks have grown throughout the world, having a major economic impact as they allowed large amounts of goods to be transported at lower costs. In more recent times, canals are increasingly used for leisure activities including towpath walks, paddle boarding and weekends on the water - this is where The Rothen Group come in to help manage and maintain the UK's canals. Here’s a look at the evolution of canals: When was the first canal built? Who built the first canals in the world? Although canals have played an important role in the UK economy, it is thought that the Chinese built the first canal in the world in the 10th Century, the Grand Canal of China. In fact, the pound lock which is still used within British canals was supposedly invested by Chhiao Wei-Yo in 983. However, as these early canals were often simple extensions to natural rivers, it is very difficult to say whether prior river management and extensions were already in existence. For example, the Roman engineers built the Fossdyke to connect Lincoln to the River Trent in roughly AD50, which was very important for both drainage and navigation. This was followed by the Car Dyke, which was a key part of the supply route from Cambridge to York. Who constructed the first canals in Britain and where? Although these initial Roman waterways proved to be very important, it wasn’t until 1761 that the first modern canal was opened in the UK. The Bridgewater Canal was named after its owner, Francis Egerton, the third Duke of Bridgewater, and it was this design that was used as a benchmark development for many similar canals around the country. This canal was used to transport coal from the duke’s mines, and was designed by James Brindley, a highly skilled individual who quickly became a pioneer for canal engineers. At its peak, the nationwide canal network extended to almost 4,000 miles, and following the initial Bridgeware Canal, the majority of the network was built between the 1770s and the 1830s. Other, notable canals built during this time included the Caledonian Canal and the Manchester Ship Canal, with many others that were carefully planned never actually being built. James Brindley was one of the early, pioneering canal engineers. While an education in marine engineering was not yet a possibility given the early stages of the evolution, Brindley had experience working with watermills so had relevant knowledge. When building Bridgewater Canal, Brindley developed many of the engineering features used today when it comes to canal repair and canal management. The workforce responsible for carrying out the manual labour required to build these canals were known as ‘navvies’. This term comes from ‘navigator’ as they were unskilled labourers employed to help with the construction of the waterways and waterway management. Each canal was different, some were narrow while others were broad with large locks, bridges and tunnels. These broad canals allowed wider workboats to use them without difficulty. Early canals were known as contour canals, these went around hills rather than over or through them. However, as canal technology began to improve engineers became better versed in how to cut through or over hills with the use of tunnels or aqueducts. How were the UK canals built? Each canal was unique, with some designed to be narrow and others designed to be broad with large locks, bridges, and tunnels to allow wide workboats to navigate with ease. The earliest canals were known as contour canals, as they followed the contours of the hills. However, as technology advanced canal engineers quickly learnt how to cut through or even over hills by using tunnels and aqueducts. The ability to create quick transport routes which no longer relied on the natural flow of rivers allowed canals to be built in key areas of production, such as cities, large towns, ports, coal mines, mills, quarries, and factories. During the golden age of canal building, heavy and bulky materials such as coal and steel were transported alongside delicate items, which would have been too fragile to transport long distances via horse and cart. Are canals man made? All those years ago, before advanced technology and canal equipment was available to speed up the process, building a canal took years. A channel would be dug out using shovels and pickaxes, with wooden frames supporting the sides and preventing collapse. There wasn’t any electric equipment or diggers so gunpowder was used to blast through rock when needed, making the occupation a dangerous one. Transporting the material being removed required basic tools like wheelbarrows, saws and hammers so workers had to be physically fit to carry out the job. What type of engineers build canals? Although the education system at the time meant that a marine engineering qualification was not yet a possibility, the experience and skill of engineers such as James Brindley led to the development of many engineering features which are still used today within effective canal maintenance and repair. Other examples of notable engineers include Thomas Telford, who was responsible for the Ellesmere Canal and its impressive Pontcysyllte Aqueduct, whilst also being involved in the design of the Caledonian Canal, the Crinan Canal and many other waterways around the world. Another impressive engineer was John Smeaton, the creator of many canals around Birmingham and the impressive Fossdyke Canal. Although it was highly skilled engineers who designed canals, they were physically built by a workforce of manual labourers known as ‘navvies’, a term derived from the work ‘navigator’. These unskilled labourers were used around the country to assist with both the construction of the waterways and their management, with projects taking years to complete. How do you keep water in a canal? Although the engineers 200 years ago did not have access to the technology used today, the often-huge canal embankments, viaducts and aqueducts have stood the test of time. Although many canals follow natural rivers, they also cut across drainage divides, so structures such as aqueducts and viaducts are needed to move water over roads and streams, whilst keeping the water in the canal itself. The water within canals is usually controlled by a series of dams and locks, with the dams designed to raise water levels to usable depths, whilst the locks allow waterway traffic to ascend or descend. In contrast, some canals are designed to keep changes in water levels to a minimum, with these contour canals following longer, winding routes so that boats are able to follow flatter altitudes. The various dams and docks often leverage the resources of parallel natural rivers, which allows the length of the levels to be increased, although canals also use external water sources such as water flowing from higher elevations. The most common form of lock is the pound lock, which features a chamber that allows the water level to be raised or lowered, so that two stretches of water that are at different levels can be connected. For example, if a boat needs to climb a hill, a succession of locks at regular intervals will create a series of water levels similar to a stairway. However, locks require a vast amount of water, so engineers have designed systems for use in situations where water levels are low, such as boat lifts and inclined planes which are essentially a steep railway system. How do canals maintain water levels? There are various features within canals that are designed to tackle potential water level issues, such as the famous Suez Canal, which is connected to the sea. In other canals, water is transported from nearby rivers and springs, and where this water is not available, reservoirs are often built with water pumped from them into the canal. In addition, locks, sluices, and weirs all help to top water levels up, with ongoing dredging used as a key factor in maintaining water levels. Historically, the canal itself is lined with a material such as clay or limestone, which waterproofs the channel and keeps vital water inside. In some areas, cows would be used to flatten the clay to remove cracks, air bubbles or lumps before the water was added. However, as marine engineering technology develops, new equipment is helping to maintain water levels in the expansive canal network. This evolution of equipment and civil engineering has played a pivotal role in creating the expansive network of canals the UK knows and uses today. Each canal connects different areas of the UK together and increases access for all, so waterway management and canal repair is essential to maintain these channels. Who is Responsible for Canals in the UK Today? Since 2012, the majority of canals and navigable rivers in the UK have been managed by the Canal & River Trust, which is responsible for the maintenance of over 2,000 miles of waterways. This includes everything from the waterways themselves to the locks, bridges and even flood management. There are various regional partnerships which cover different waterway areas, with each responsible for the maintenance of the canals and rivers in their area. The trust and its regional offices rely on the expertise of marine engineers and contractors to ensure the canals can be enjoyed by everyone, and here at The Rothen Group we are proud to play a key role in this huge task today. As the canal maintenance specialists in the UK, we have an unrivalled knowledge of UK waterways, which allows us to design and build our own boats and plant machinery, alongside providing an efficient contracting service utilised by the Canal & River Trust. Read: Who is Responsible for Waterways Restoration The UK Canal System In answer to the question: "Who built the UK canals?" the answer is The Romans, who built the original Fossdyke from Lincoln to the River Trent, and Caer Dyke around 50 AD for navigation. In 1566 the Exeter Canal had the first traditional canal locks in the UK. To find out more about the history of UK canals and how our team are protecting and maintaining these networks, contact us today and we will be pleased to share our knowledge.

In previous blogs, we’ve described pontoon work boats as ‘the Swiss Army knife’ of marine equipment. Available in a wide range of shapes and sizes, they are essentially floating work platforms from which a range of construction solutions can be delivered safely and effectively. Their versatility makes them ideal for a wide range of marine civil engineering projects. Before hiring one, however, it is important to understand what types of work pontoons there are, which one would be right for your project, and how you would go about hiring one. Different types of pontoon work boats Narrow Beam Digger Ponton — a specialist machine transporter and operating platform pontoon. It is capable of carrying machines of up to 2.5 tonnes to awkward access sites, and can either track the digger off onto land, or be operated from with a reach of up to 3-4 metres. Wide Beam Digger Pontoon — similar to the above, but capable of carrying up to an eight-tonne machine with side stability tanks in place. Powered Excavator Pontoon — perfect for carrying out piling, nicospan or dredging works, the 40ft powered excavator pontoon can also track a mini digger on/off the towpath and down into the bottom of the boat for transport. Narrow Beam Crane Pontoon — a specialist narrow crane pontoon with a carrying capacity of 1.5 tonnes and a hold length of 20ft, a narrow beam crane pontoon offers a stable platform from which to carry out a number of works including piling, dredging and bank stabilisation works. Wide Beam Crane Pontoon — a maximum lift of six tonnes, with a maximum outward reach of eight metres, and upward reach of 10m. The wide beam crane pontoon is ideal for gate lock changing operations, where the pontoon can transport and lift in new gates in one operation. Survey Pontoon — with both powered and unpowered versions available, a survey pontoon is designed to reach awkward access sites and undertake bridge inspections. Key considerations As you can see, there is a wide range of pontoon hire options. There is no one-size-fits-all answer to construction projects, which is why The Rothen Group provides bespoke quotes for each individual case. To help decide which is the best option for your project, below is a list of the key considerations that you should keep in mind when choosing a pontoon solution: Width of the waterway – which helps to define whether a wide or narrow pontoon is required. Depth of the waterway – again, linked with the size of the pontoon which is suitable for the project. The type of works you are carrying out – whether you need access off the front, rear and sides or just one/two. Materials needed – this includes the length of piles, weight of materials, where are you trying to load from and unload to. The access restrictions like for getting work pontoons to site – in certain cases, for example, a narrow beam may be better than a wide beam with hiab lorries. Whether you are looking to track plant off the pontoon onto the site – ramps may be needed, and the pontoon’s size may need to be considered. Whether welfare is required at site – powered pontoons have welfare or welfare pods. Which can be supplied by The Rothen Group, and placed on a pontoon. Logistics of floating pontoon hire Depending on availability, we can often mobilise within 24 to 48 hrs. This can depend on locations and complexity of the project, but we have a team of experts who know where our kit is, and can manage the logistics of getting our equipment to your site. There are further issues surrounding the delivery of the work pontoon to site that are important to be aware of. For instance, the time of year can have an effect, given that there may be navigational restrictions in place along waterways. This is especially true during the winter months, when the Canal and River Trust is often conducting works which close the canal. In cases where the pontoon cannot be floated to site, we are often able to transport it by road before lifting it into the water. Our team can analyse sites to establish the best course of action, considering factors such as location, or the weight of the lift. If you have any further questions about pontoon hire, or would like to know more about the services The Rothen Group can offer, please contact us on 01827 215715, or email info@therothengroup.co.uk

Effective river management is a complex challenge that requires a careful blend of engineering skills, environmental sensitivity, and a deep understanding of natural processes. Two primary approaches, hard engineering and soft engineering, offer effective methods to overcome the variety of challenges associated with river management. In this blog, we look at the most effective river management techniques, comparing the impacts of hard and soft engineering strategies and examining the benefits of balancing these approaches. Hard engineering river management Hard engineering within river management often involves three key structures: dams, embankments, and gabion installation. Each structure is designed in response to the dynamic forces of the river, with the ideal solution dependent on factors, such as flood risk, water storage and environmental challenges. 1. Dams Dams are large structures that are engineered to regulate the flow of water, and they provide an effective tool to control floods, store water and generate hydropower. Whilst they provide efficient control over river dynamics, their implementation often raises environmental concerns. The dams change the way sediment is transported and this affects downstream river habitats and aquatic life. 2. Embankments Embankments create barriers along riverbanks which can be used to contain floodwaters, creating an effective and immediate solution to prevent flood damage within low-lying areas. However, depending on their placement they can exacerbate erosion and disrupt the natural floodplain processes. The challenge lies in their design, which requires a careful balance between flood defence requirements and the potential long-term consequences. 3. Gabion Installation Gabions are mesh containers that are filled with stones, their flexibility and permeability allow them to adapt to changing conditions along the riverbank. However, despite being an efficient solution, they do require maintenance to ensure they remain structurally stable and effective, as they are prone to wear and tear. Soft engineering river management Effective river management goes beyond the traditional hard engineering approaches, with the most sustainable solutions often requiring the use of vegetation and natural materials. These soft engineering strategies are designed to preserve ecosystems whilst creating more resilient and adaptive riverbanks. 1. Vegetation Utilising native vegetation along riverbanks offers a sustainable strategy to combat flooding and erosion. As the roots intertwine with the soil, they create a living barrier against the erosive forces of water, contributing to the overall health and resilience of the riverbank ecosystem, whilst also absorbing the excess water during periods of heavy rain flow. In addition, effective planting strategies can transform riverbanks into thriving habitats, supporting a diverse array of flora and fauna. The promotion of biodiversity is a crucial element in the broader conservation efforts of natural habitats. 2. Natural Materials Incorporating natural materials such as rocks and logs also offers a sustainable alternative to hard engineering approaches, with the strategic and gradual placement allowing the river to naturally adapt to changes in water flow. By working with, rather than against, natural processes, this approach ensures that the environmental impact is kept to a minimum, and the natural materials also add an additional aesthetic dimension to riverbanks. Hard Vs. Soft Engineering: A Careful Balancing Act While hard and soft engineering approaches each offer their own advantages, there are also challenges to consider. An effective river management strategy requires a combination of both, with the ideal solution being a balance of the strength within hard engineering and the adaptive and sustainable qualities of soft engineering. Here at The Rothen Group, there are several integrated strategies we utilise: 1. Hybrid Solutions By integrating vegetation within hard engineering structures, it is possible to follow a more holistic approach to river management. Not only will the overall effectiveness improve, but a hybrid solution will also enhance ecological integrity by creating pockets of greenery and habitats amidst hard engineering structures. 2. Adaptive Management Rivers are naturally dynamic and adaptive management strategies are required to allow for ongoing adjustments based on the changing environment. Through continuous monitoring and assessment, our team can provide an effective response to changing conditions. This real-time approach ensures that management strategies are in line with the changing natural rhythm of rivers across the UK. 3. Community Engagement Involving local communities and organisations in river management can help to foster a sense of stewardship, and it is important to recognise that management strategies go beyond engineering expertise. By engaging with local stakeholders, it is possible to ensure solutions align with both human and ecological needs, with this collaborative approach instilling a sense of ownership and pride. The Rothen Group – Providing Effective River Management As engineers, our commitment extends far beyond simple river management approaches, instead we recognise the importance of effective solutions that address both immediate challenges and future sustainability. We understand that every river system is unique, and our team understand the importance of bespoke solutions that meet the specific requirements of our clients. To find out more about how our sustainable and adaptable approach could assist with your river management project, please contact our experienced team today and together we can devise an effective strategy.

Underwater excavators are sophisticated machines designed to operate in challenging submerged environments. These machines play pivotal roles in various underwater operations, from infrastructure development to ecological restoration and in our latest blog post we delve into what underwater excavators are, how they function, the differences between them and amphibious excavators, and the various ways they can enhance project outcomes. What are underwater excavators? Underwater excavators are modified versions of traditional excavators, engineered to operate in submerged conditions, often in deep water. They are utilised in a variety of underwater tasks such as dredging, trenching, and complex salvage operations. These excavators are built with robust materials and specialised components to withstand the harsh underwater environments which our team regularly operate in, including being able to withstand saltwater corrosion and high water pressure. Some of the most common uses include: Dredging and Trenching: Essential for creating navigational channels, laying pipes, or cables, and preparing foundations for underwater structures. Salvage Operations: These include cutting up and removing sunken vessels, retrieving shipwrecks, or recovering lost cargo from the seabed. Seabed Preparation and Construction: Tasks involve levelling the seabed for construction projects, anchoring piles, or preparing the base for offshore wind turbines. Resource Extraction and Research: They are used in deep-sea mining and collecting geological samples for scientific research. Environmental Restoration: Includes tasks like reef construction or removing environmentally hazardous materials. How Do Underwater Excavators Work? The functionality of underwater excavators hinges on several key adaptations that differentiate them from their land-based counterparts: Structural Design: The structure of underwater excavators is reinforced to endure the immense pressures of deep-water environments. High-strength steel with anti-corrosion properties is typically used, along with protective coatings that resist the corrosive effects of saltwater and extend the equipment's operational life. Hydraulic System Modifications: The hydraulic systems in underwater excavators are meticulously sealed to prevent water getting in. These systems use special synthetic fluids that are less harmful to the environment in case of a leak. The seals and gaskets are also of a higher grade to withstand the differential pressures at depth. Power Delivery: Most underwater excavators are powered by electricity supplied through umbilical cables from a surface vessel, which provides a reliable and stable power source without the complications of onboard fuel systems. This method eliminates the risk of fuel leaks and allows for continuous, long-duration operations without the need for refuelling. Control and Navigation: Visibility underwater is limited, especially when disturbing the seabed. To address this, underwater excavators are equipped with advanced remote control systems, utilising video, sonar, and sometimes even robotic technologies. These systems enable precise operation from a surface ship or even from shore, allowing operators to perform detailed work despite the challenging conditions. Tool Adaptation: Attachments and tools used by underwater excavators are specifically designed for underwater use. This includes reinforced digging and cutting tools that can handle the unique challenges of underwater geology. Dredging tools are also optimised for minimal environmental impact while maximising efficiency. The difference between underwater excavators, amphibious excavators and pontoons Understanding the differences between these machines is crucial for their effective application. Amphibious excavators and pontoons are essentially modified land machines with added flotation for stability in shallow waters, such as lakes and canals. They are not designed to be fully submerged. In contrast, underwater excavators can operate fully submerged in much deeper water, equipped with robust systems to handle the pressure and corrosive nature of such environments. Underwater excavators are significantly more complex than amphibious ones due to the extreme conditions they operate in. They incorporate advanced technologies, such as enhanced sealing, sophisticated remote control systems, and specialised materials that can withstand deep-water pressures and corrosive elements. How can they help your project? Underwater excavators are indispensable for their ability to perform tasks that are impossible for other types of machinery, offering several distinct advantages: Capability in Extreme Conditions: These machines are capable of operating in conditions that are too dangerous for human divers, such as polluted waters or environments with hazardous materials. This capability significantly expands the scope of projects that can be undertaken safely and effectively. Precision and Versatility: The advanced control systems of underwater excavators allow for precise operations, which is crucial in sensitive or complex underwater environments. Their versatility in being able to handle a variety of tools and attachments makes them suitable for a wide range of tasks, from precision dredging to heavy lifting and cutting. Environmental Compliance and Protection: Underwater excavators can be equipped with environmental safeguards such as biodegradable hydraulic fluids and low-impact tools, which minimise the ecological footprint of underwater construction activities. They play a critical role in projects where environmental conservation is a priority. The Rothen Group – Undertaking projects across the UK with an extensive machinery fleet Here at The Rothen Group we have invested in a wide variety of machines that are able to withstand the harsh conditions of underwater operations. Our team of highly skilled operators and engineers regularly use sophisticated machines within a wide range of waterway projects. To find out more about our machines and how we can assist with your project, please contact our team today.

Canals first became an important part of UK waterways more than 200 years ago, when they were replied upon to transport goods around the country. Although the freight traffic has decreased significantly since canals were first built, they are still enjoyed by many recreational users both on and off the water. However, to ensure canals are operating efficiently, regular canal maintenance is required, and the following list contains 10 key interesting UK waterway maintenance facts. How are canals maintained? Canals are enjoyed by a growing number of people; however, wear and tear is inevitable and regular maintenance is needed to ensure the waterways remain operational. The aim is to use preventative maintenance on a regular basis, so that faults are not able to develop, and breakdowns are minimised. Who maintains the UK’s canals and waterways? The Canal and River Trust aims to 'protect, manage, and improve the nation’s canals', which include listed structures, Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs), and World Heritage Sites. The trust relies on government grants, donations, fees, and other sources of income to manage and maintain the canals and waterways, with the services of external companies, such as The Rothen Group, called upon to assist with the maintenance of the network. Who are The Canal and River Trust? For many years it was British Waterways which were responsible for the maintenance of canals, however in 2012 The Canal & River Trust was formed. The trust, known as Glandŵr Cymru in Wales, is responsible for the maintenance of canals, rivers, reservoirs and many heritage structures and buildings within England and Wales. In Scotland, British Waterways continues to operate as a public corporation, although it trades under the name of Scottish Canals. The trust is managed by a board of 10 trustees and is legally responsible for the management of all work relating to the objectives of the charities. There are also 28 council members, who are called upon to offer advice relating to everything from walking and conservation to angling and boating, with regional directors assisting with the general running of the trust’s operations. The Rothen Group is proud to be a trusted waterways contractor of The Canal and River Trust. Who to contact if you spot a damaged canal If you spot a damaged canal, it is important to report the issue to the Canal and River Trust as soon as possible. This will ensure the problem is investigated quickly so that potential hazards are rectified, and a repair is completed efficiently. The easiest way is to call the office during normal working hours using the phone number: 0303 040 4040. What needs to be maintained on a canal? Within the canal network there are thousands of structures, channels, banks, pumps, and pathways which need to be maintained. With such a vast network of canals, a regular maintenance schedule is needed and should include everything from major structural works such as dam repairs and the construction of headwalls, outlets, and overflows through to small scale periodic works, such as: Scrub clearance along canal bank sides Removal of vegetation within the canal channel Land forming works and excavations Dredging and desilting Lining of the channel Planting of jetties and landing stages Mending of the towpath and handrails Clearance of reservoir feeders How are canal water levels maintained? One of the main challenges relating to the operation of canals is maintaining adequate water levels within the 2,000-mile canal network. Each time a boat passes through a lock it requires thousands of litres of water, so a vast water supply is needed, and rivers, streams, reservoirs, and underground pumps all need to be maintained to ensure water is available to be pumped back into the locks. When should canals be maintained? Many canals are more than 200 years old, which means that sympathetic care from experienced canal engineers is often needed to protect these historic assets. Through regular inspection, the trust often grades parts of the network, with maintenance then prioritised according to condition, reliability, and the probability of failure. At the start of each year, areas are identified within the canals that may require attention and a schedule is put in place. Naturally, there will be some issues that need prioritising, especially if there is a serious impact to the environment or canal users. There are also key areas which are inspected regularly, for example, the various reservoirs which fall within the Canal and River Trust’s network are inspected twice a week, with in-depth inspections once a year. Through these regular inspections, the trust is able to hire independent engineers, such as The Rothen Group, to complete the required works. What are the main issues with the UK canal network? There are many issues which can quickly impact the efficiency of the UK canal network, work that The Rothen Group can remedy, including the following: Low water levels due to erosion, particularly along bends or within downstream sections Water losses due to seepage, leakage or both Siltation Damage to structures along the canal Plant growth Lack of water availability Overtopping when the incoming flow of water is greater than the canal capacity These issues often start as minor maintenance issues, however if they are left un-repaired severe problems can quickly develop. Why canal maintenance is important As we have already mentioned, canal maintenance is essential to maintain water levels, however the waterways and embankments are also important areas for wildlife and ecology. Many canals are home to important habitats wildlife such as bats, voles, dragonflies and kingfishers, and careful maintenance protects the unique biodiversity. For many species, the canals and rivers provide vital corridors and resources, with the canal hedgerows some of the oldest remaining habitats. Do canals have to close for maintenance? With thousands of miles of canals and rivers stretching throughout the UK, it is inevitable that closures or restrictions will occasionally need to be put in place. This is often due to maintenance works, although there are also times when canals must close due to lack of water after a lock gate is left open accidentally. Although emergency closures do happen, if the canal is closed for routine maintenance, there will be plenty of warning and works are often planned during quiet usage periods. The Rothen Group – Canal Maintenance Specialists The knowledge of canal engineers and specialist equipment is relied upon to both develop a strategic maintenance plan and to complete the maintenance and repairs needed. Here at The Rothen Group, our contractors specialise in everything from emergency repairs to regular canal maintenance, and by designing and building our own machinery, we are proud to be the specialists of choice. To find out more about canal maintenance in the UK, please contact our team today and we will be happy to share our knowledge.

Canals are an essential part of the UK's waterways, providing not only a means for transporting goods but they are also popular leisure destinations. Integral to the operation of canals are locks, which enable boats to navigate varying water levels. Understanding why locks are necessary and how they work is crucial for anyone involved in the maintenance or use of these waterways. In this article our team explores the function, importance, and maintenance of canal locks. What is a Lock? A lock is a mechanical device used in waterways to raise and lower boats between stretches of water at different levels. Locks are typically constructed from gates, sluices, and chambers made of materials such as wood, metal, and concrete. They are essential components of canals, particularly in areas where the terrain causes significant changes in elevation. Locks have been in use for centuries, with early examples dating back to the 3rd century BC in ancient China. In comparison, modern locks are more advanced but they still operate on the same basic principles. The fundamental components of a lock include: Chamber:  The section of the lock where the boat is positioned. It holds water, allowing the boat to float at different levels as needed. Gates:  Usually located at both ends of the chamber, these gates open and close to control water flow and boat movement. Paddles (or Sluices):  Mechanisms within the gates or chamber walls that allow water to flow in and out of the chamber, raising or lowering the water level. Cill (or Sill):  A protruding ledge at the bottom of the lock gate that prevents the gates from swinging inwards. These are crucial for maintaining the water-tight seal of the gates. Why Are Locks Needed? Locks are essential for several reasons, primarily related to managing water levels and facilitating navigation on canals: Navigating Elevation Changes The primary purpose of a lock is to enable boats to move between water levels that differ due to natural terrain variations. Without locks, it would be impossible for boats to travel along canals that navigate hilly or uneven terrain. Water Management Locks help in managing the flow and distribution of water within a canal system. By controlling the water levels in different sections, they ensure that there is enough water for navigation while preventing flooding or water shortage in various parts of the canal. Safety Locks provide a controlled environment for raising and lowering boats, which is safer than navigating natural rapids or waterfalls. They also reduce the risk of damage to boats and ensure a steady and manageable ascent or descent. Environmental Protection By controlling water levels and flow, locks help to protect the surrounding environment from erosion and other water-related damage. They also play a role in preserving habitats by maintaining stable water levels in different sections of the canal. How Does a Lock Work in a Canal? The operation of a canal lock involves several steps to safely raise or lower a boat, including the following: Entering the Lock: The boat approaches the lock, and the gates at the lower level are opened. The boat enters the lock chamber, and the gates are closed behind it. Filling or Emptying the Chamber: To raise the boat, the paddles on the upper gates are opened, allowing water to flow into the chamber from the higher level. As the chamber fills with water, the boat is lifted. Alternatively, to lower the boat, the paddles on the lower gates are opened, allowing water to drain out to the lower level, and the boat is gently lowered. Exiting the Lock: Once the water level inside the chamber matches the level outside the upper or lower gates, the gates are opened, and the boat exits the lock. The gates are then closed to prepare the lock for the next boat. Controlling Water Flow: The paddles and sluices are carefully managed to control the rate of water flow. This prevents turbulence inside the chamber and ensures a smooth transition for the boat. Locks can vary in size and complexity, with some designed to accommodate single boats and others capable of handling multiple vessels simultaneously. Automated locks use hydraulic systems and electronic controls to manage gates and paddles, while traditional locks often require manual operation by boaters or lock keepers. How Are Canal Locks Maintained? Maintaining canal locks is a critical aspect of waterway management, ensuring their reliability, safety, and efficiency. The following are key components of lock maintenance : Regular Inspections Locks undergo routine inspections to identify wear and tear, damage, and potential issues. Inspections cover all parts of the lock, including gates, chambers, paddles, and mechanical systems. Cleaning Debris such as silt, vegetation, and litter can accumulate in lock chambers and mechanisms, hindering their operation. Regular cleaning helps to keep the locks functioning smoothly. This often involves dredging the chamber and clearing out any blockages in the paddles or sluices. Repairs and Replacements Components of the lock, especially wooden gates and metal fittings, can deteriorate over time due to constant exposure to water and the elements. Routine maintenance includes repairing or replacing damaged parts. For example, wooden gates might need replacing every 25-30 years, while metal components may require more frequent attention to prevent rust and corrosion. Find out what tools are used to maintain canal locks . Lubrication and Adjustment Mechanical parts, such as the paddles and gears, require regular lubrication to operate smoothly. Adjustments may also be needed to ensure that the gates and paddles fit tightly and operate correctly, preventing water leakage and ensuring safety. Structural Maintenance The masonry or concrete walls of the lock chamber must be maintained to prevent cracks and structural weakening. This involves regular inspection and repair of any damaged sections to ensure the integrity of the lock. Monitoring Water Levels Maintaining appropriate water levels is crucial for the operation of locks. This involves monitoring water sources, weather conditions, and usage patterns to ensure that there is sufficient water for navigation without causing flooding or environmental damage. Winterisation In colder climates, locks need to be prepared for winter to prevent damage from freezing temperatures. This may involve draining water from the lock chamber, insulating exposed components, and ensuring that ice does not form around moving parts. Emergency Repairs Unforeseen incidents, such as boat collisions or severe weather, can cause sudden damage to locks. Having a plan and resources in place for emergency repairs ensures that the locks can be quickly restored to operation, minimising disruption to canal traffic. The Rothen Group – Experienced Canal Engineers Locks are indispensable to the operation of the UK's canal network , enabling boats to navigate different water levels safely and efficiently. Here at The Rothen Group, we understand the importance of locks, as well as the comprehensive maintenance required to keep them in good working order, and we are committed to highlighting the complexity and dedication involved in managing these historic waterways.  The Rothen Group , with our expertise in canal engineering and maintenance, play a vital role in ensuring that these locks continue to serve their purpose effectively, preserving the integrity and functionality of the UK’s cherished canal system. To find out more about our wide range of services or how we can assist with your project, please contact our team today .

There are many different types of pile driving equipment for many different applications. This includes the pile hammer, the vibro hammer, the sheet pile hammer, the hydraulic sheet pile driver, and many more. But what do you do when you don’t know your vibro hammer for sheet piling from your hydraulic pile hammer, or the different sheet pile driving methods? With that in mind, we have put together a guide about the wide variety of sheet pile driving equipment and sheet pile driving machines. What is a pile hammer? To understand the purpose of a pile hammer, you first need to look at what a pile is. A pile is a postlike object that is driven into the ground to support building works. In the context of canals, piling is most commonly used to provide a retaining wall between the bank and the water, reducing bank erosion. Sheet piles are sections of sheet materials with interlocking edges that are driven into the ground to provide earth retention and excavation support. Sheet piles are most commonly made of steel, but can also be formed of timber or reinforced concrete. The most common piles are steel sheet, as it can provide a long-term solution for over 25 years. These walls are otherwise known as sheet piling, and they are crucial to providing vertical, stable bank during waterside construction work. A collapsed bank can lead to a wide variety of problems for building professionals, and sheet piling in water provides a barrier to prevent it. But in order to drive sheet piling into the ground, you need sheet pile driving equipment. This is where a pile hammer is required. Whether excavator mounted, mounted on another machine or hanging off a chain, a pile driving hammer pushes piles into the ground with sufficient force to render it stable. What are the different types of pile hammer? There are three main types of piling hammer. A vibratory pile hammer uses vertical vibration to move adjacent soil, reducing the ground’s resistance. Vibratory pile drivers can vary in size – the smallest offered by the Rothen Group can be used to drive trench sheets, short lengths of plastic piles, wooden posts, tubes and plastic piles. The Rothen Group’s largest vibro hammer for sheet pile driving can be excavator mounted on machines between 13 and 25 tonnes, and is ideal for mid-heavy duty piles and pile walls. A vibro hammer is a comparatively quiet and effective means of driving steel sheet into the ground. A free-hanging vibratory hammer can offer further reduced noise levels, and does not need to be plumbed into the crane’s hydraulics. By contrast, hydraulic impact hammers are comparatively louder, but are more environmentally friendly to use than diesel hammers. A hydraulic hammer can run directly from the hydraulic system of the machine it is mounted on, or through a standalone hydraulic pack. This sort of piling rig is highly efficient and has a low operating cost. Air pile hammers are often the preferred choice for canal and river restoration projects where driving piles in water is required. Robust, versatile and easy-to-use, they are ideal for trench sheeting, driving light pile sections, plastic piling, barrier and fencing posts, or timber piles and posts. They are appropriate for use on both hard and soft ground. What is your preferred sheet pile driving method? Generally, the piling hammer is excavator mounted or mounted on a crane, with the sheet piling process being carried out from the canal or river bank. Sheet pile driving equipment can also be operated from floating plant on the water, such as powered excavator pontoons or narrow beam crane pontoons . We use a piling frame to set the line of piles to ensure the piles are driven straight, however curves can also be created by piling without a frame. This process is then repeated until the entire canal or river bankside is stabilised. A common sheet pile driving method involves what is commonly called a back tied system. In this system, you have a tie rod that bolts to the front of the pile and a type of pile called an anchor pile at the back, which is driven in by a pile hammer to hold all other piles in place. Often, a metal waler is used in conjunction with piles and trench sheeting to provide extra support. A waler is a compact, hydraulically expandable retaining wall, often resembling a steel sheet, which is used to bolster both sides of the waterside trench dug during bank excavation work. This trench can then be ‘backfilled’ with Type 1 aggregate before being finished with concrete, with mooring rings, lay coping or other appropriate finishes. This provides a solution that will prevent bank collapse in the long term, whilst matching the aesthetics of the surrounding area. What are the different issues workers may face driving piles in water? Between sheet piling in water, the types of pile and the different types of pile driving equipment and sheet pile driving methods, there are a wide variety of issues workers can face. Logistics are a key issue when organising projects involving driving piles in water. Everything from the retaining walls needed to the equipment needed – vibratory pile hammers, double acting hammers, drop hammers, hydraulic pile drivers, etc. – needs to be transported to site. Equipment suppliers such as The Rothen Group can transport all sheet pile driving machines and assorted supporting equipment to the required location quickly via the waterway itself for a quick and efficient solution. The site’s size and location may also offer restrictions on the size and types of pile driving equipment and plant solutions used. Our wide variety of equipment and ability to transport and use solutions on the waterway allows us to provide a bespoke solution regardless of site accessibility or ground conditions. However, issues such as hard rock, nearby rubble or loose sand do need to be considered before sheet piling in water can occur. Noise levels also need to be taken into account when carrying out bankside work, and this may affect the type of pile driving equipment specified. For example, a hydraulic impact hammer may disturb nearby residents more than a vibro hammer. As such, hydraulic piling and sheet pile driving methods involving this type of sheet pile driving machine should only be considered in more remote areas. Finally, you need to consider that a canal is a 200-year-old structure, so any solution involving sheet piling in water should look to preserve the waterway’s integrity. Incorrectly specified pile hammer equipment could lead to a host of problems, including collapsing banks, and even water leaking out, which can cause the canal to dry up. What is the process around ordering sheet pile driving equipment? We can often mobilise any necessary equipment within 24 to 48 hours, depending on availability and manpower. Our experts will first go to the site and advise you on how long any bank stabilisation work will take, transport logistics, and whether on-site expertise is required alongside the equipment. As part of this process, we can advise you on the best option for piling, including whether a back tied system would be suitable, or a cantilevered solution without back ties or anchor piles, the type of piling hammer required, and the best backfill option. This can all be done by the waterside, before the work is carried out. If you have any further questions about dredging, or would like to know more about the services The Rothen Group can offer, please contact us on 01827 215715, or email info@therothengroup.co.uk